Sediment Accretion Blue Carbon Burial in Tidal Saline Wetlands (Peck et al, 2020)

2022-06-28T13:52:02+00:00

Oregon estuaries provide important opportunities to assess controls on tidal saline wetland carbon burial and sediment accretion as both rates of relative sea level rise (RSLR; −1.4 ± 0.9 to 2.8 ± 0.8 mm yr−1 ) and fluvial suspended sediment load relative to estuary area (0.23 to 17 × 103 t km−2 yr−1 ) vary along the coast. We hypothesized that vertical accretion, measured using excess 210Pb in least‐disturbed wetlands within seven Oregon estuaries, would vary with either RSLR or sediment load relative to estuary area, and carbon burial would correlate strongly to sediment accretion. Mean rates of high [...]

Sediment Accretion Blue Carbon Burial in Tidal Saline Wetlands (Peck et al, 2020)2022-06-28T13:52:02+00:00

Managing Climate Refugia for Freshwater Fishes (Ebersole et al, 2020)

2022-06-28T13:52:25+00:00

Within the context of climate adaptation, the concept of climate refugia has emerged as a framework for addressing future threats to freshwater fish populations. We evaluated recent climate-refugia management associated with water use and landscape modification by comparing efforts in the US states of Oregon and Massachusetts, for which there are contrasting resource use patterns. Using these examples, we discuss tools and principles that can be applied more broadly. Although many early efforts to identify climate refugia have focused on water temperature, substantial gains in evaluating other factors and processes regulating climate refugia (eg stream flow, groundwater availability) are [...]

Managing Climate Refugia for Freshwater Fishes (Ebersole et al, 2020)2022-06-28T13:52:25+00:00

Insights into Estuary Habitat Loss in Western U.S. (Brophy et al, 2019)

2022-06-28T13:42:57+00:00

Effective conservation and restoration of estuarine wetlands require accurate maps of their historical and current extent, as well as estimated losses of these valued habitats. Existing coast-wide tidal wetland mapping does not explicitly map historical tidal wetlands that are now disconnected from the tides, which represent restoration opportunities; nor does it use water level models or high-resolution elevation data (e.g. lidar) to accurately identify current tidal wetlands. To better inform estuarine conservation and restoration, we generated new maps of current and historical tidal wetlands for the entire contiguous U.S. West Coast (Washington, Oregon, and California). The new maps are [...]

Insights into Estuary Habitat Loss in Western U.S. (Brophy et al, 2019)2022-06-28T13:42:57+00:00

Future Stream Temperature Sensitivity Factors (Wondzell et al, 2019)

2022-06-28T13:52:40+00:00

Simulations of stream temperatures showed a wide range of future thermal regimes under a warming climate — from 2.9°C warmer to 7.6°C cooler than current conditions — depending primarily on shade from riparian vegetation. We used the stream temperature model, Heat Source, to analyze a 37-km study segment of the upper Middle Fork John Day River, located in northeast Oregon, USA. We developed alternative future scenarios based on downscaled projections from climate change models and the composition and structure of native riparian forests. We examined 36 scenarios combining future changes in air temperature (DTair = 0°C, +2°C, and +4°C), [...]

Future Stream Temperature Sensitivity Factors (Wondzell et al, 2019)2022-06-28T13:52:40+00:00

Modeling Potential for Beaver Habitat to Inform Restoration & Climate Change Adaptation (Dittbrenner et al, 2018)

2022-06-28T13:44:06+00:00

Through their dam-building activities and subsequent water storage, beaver have the potential to restore riparian ecosystems and offset some of the predicted effects of climate change by modulating streamflow. Thus, it is not surprising that reintroducing beaver to watersheds from which they have been extirpated is an often-used restoration and climate-adaptation strategy. Identifying sites for reintroduction, however, requires detailed information about habitat factors—information that is not often available at broad spatial scales. Here we explore the potential for beaver relocation throughout the Snohomish River Basin in Washington, USA with a model that identifies some of the basic building blocks [...]

Modeling Potential for Beaver Habitat to Inform Restoration & Climate Change Adaptation (Dittbrenner et al, 2018)2022-06-28T13:44:06+00:00

Summer Streamflow Deficits from Regenerating Douglas‐fir Forest in the Pacific Northwest (Perry & Jones, 2016)

2022-06-28T13:41:43+00:00

Despite controversy about effects of plantation forestry on streamflow, streamflow response to forest plantations over multiple decades is not well understood. Analysis of 60‐year records of daily streamflow from eight paired‐basin experiments in the Pacific Northwest of the United States (Oregon) revealed that the conversion of old‐growth forest to Douglas‐fir plantations had a major effect on summer streamflow. Average daily streamflow in summer (July through September) in basins with 34‐ to 43‐year‐old plantations of Douglas‐fir was 50% lower than streamflow from reference basins with 150‐ to 500‐year‐old forests dominated by Douglas‐fir, western hemlock, and other conifers. Study plantations are [...]

Summer Streamflow Deficits from Regenerating Douglas‐fir Forest in the Pacific Northwest (Perry & Jones, 2016)2022-06-28T13:41:43+00:00

Geographic Variation in Environmental Factors Outmigration Timing of Coho Salmon Smolts (Spence, 2014)

2022-06-28T13:50:38+00:00

The environmental cues that regulate smoltification and trigger downstream movement by salmon should vary across space in response to differences in the predictability of favorable conditions for migration and ocean entry. To examine this, we modeled the short-term outmigration probability of four coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations in three distinct geographic regions in relation to photoperiod, temperature, streamflow, lunar phase, and interactions among these variables. For smolts in Deer and Flynn creeks, Oregon (1960–1972), migration probability was influenced by numerous factors, including photoperiod, temperature (absolute and change), flow (absolute and change), and lunar phase, with certain factors interacting. Smolts [...]

Geographic Variation in Environmental Factors Outmigration Timing of Coho Salmon Smolts (Spence, 2014)2022-06-28T13:50:38+00:00

Stream Evolution Model Integrating Habitat & Ecosystem Benefits (Thorne, 2013)

2022-06-28T13:44:13+00:00

For decades, Channel Evolution Models have provided useful templates for understanding morphological responses to disturbance associated with lowering base level, channelization or alterations to the flow and/or sediment regimes. In this paper, two well-established Channel Evolution Models are revisited and updated in light of recent research and practical experience. The proposed Stream Evolution Model includes a precursor stage, which recognizes that streams may naturally be multi-threaded prior to disturbance, and represents stream evolution as a cyclical, rather than linear, phenomenon, recognizing an evolutionary cycle within which streams advance through the common sequence, skip some stages entirely, recover to a [...]

Stream Evolution Model Integrating Habitat & Ecosystem Benefits (Thorne, 2013)2022-06-28T13:44:13+00:00

Restoring Salmon Habitat for a Changing Climate (Beechie et al, 2013)

2022-06-28T13:52:11+00:00

An important question for salmon restoration efforts in the western USA is ‘How should habitat restoration plans be altered to accommodate climate change effects on stream flow and temperature?’ We developed a decision support process for adapting salmon recovery plans that incorporates (1) local habitat factors limiting salmon recovery, (2) scenarios of climate change effects on stream flow and temperature, (3) the ability of restoration actions to ameliorate climate change effects, and (4) the ability of restoration actions to increase habitat diversity and salmon population resilience. To facilitate the use of this decision support framework, we mapped scenarios of [...]

Restoring Salmon Habitat for a Changing Climate (Beechie et al, 2013)2022-06-28T13:52:11+00:00

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